Thawj: Kws Tshaj Lij Hauv Cov Cheebtsam Sib Nqus
Cov transformers tiaj tus yog cov transformers tshwj xeeb uas siv PCB tooj liab ntawv ci ua windings, thiab lawv tsim yuav tsum tau rov ua dua kev pauv pauv ntawm kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob, kev tswj hwm thermal, thiab cov nqi tsim khoom. Cov hauv qab no yog 20 cov lus nug tseem ceeb thiab cov lus teb rau PCB planar transformer tsim, npog cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, kev xaiv lub hauv paus, winding layout, parasitic parameter tswj, thermal tsim, thiab cov txheej txheem kev siv.
1. Lo lus nug: Lub planar transformer yog dab tsi? Qhov txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nws thiab cov transformers ib txwm muaj yog dab tsi?
Lus Teb: Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tiaj tiaj yog ib hom tshuab hluav taws xob uas siv cov ntawv ci tooj liab tiaj tiaj rau ntawm ntau txheej luam tawm Circuit Board (PCB) ua lub winding. Qhov sib txawv ntawm lub hauv paus yog tias cov tshuab hluav taws xob ib txwm siv cov hlau enameled qhwv ib ncig ntawm lub cev pob txha, thaum cov windings ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob tiaj tiaj yog cov ntawv ci tooj liab kauv etched rau ntawm PCB board, thiab lub hauv paus sib nqus (feem ntau yog ferrite) yog clamped ncaj qha rau ntawm PCB Cheebtsam. Cov qauv no muab nws cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov siab qis (qib qis), lub zog ceev ceev, thiab kev sib xws zoo heev.
2. Lo lus nug: Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv PCB planar transformers yog dab tsi?
Lus Teb: Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb suav nrog:
1. Kev ua haujlwm siab thiab qis qis inductance: Lub winding coupling yog nruj, thiab qhov leakage inductance feem ntau tuaj yeem tswj tau qis dua 0.2%.
2. Kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev tso cua sov: Cov qauv tiaj tus muaj qhov sib piv ntawm thaj chaw loj dua / ntim, cov kav cua sov luv dua, thiab yooj yim rau kev tso cua sov.
3. Kev sib xws zoo: Cov kev teeb tsa parasitic yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm PCB tsim khoom, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem rov ua dua, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom tsis siv neeg.
4. Qis profile: Qhov siab tag nrho yog txo qis heev, ua rau nws haum rau qhov chaw saum npoo (SMT) thiab cov khoom siv fais fab module rhiab heev.
3. Lo lus nug: Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb lossis qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov planar transformers yog dab tsi?
Lus Teb: Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog:
1. Lub peev xwm faib tawm loj: Vim yog thaj chaw loj sib luag thiab qhov sib nrug me me ntawm cov ntawv ci tooj liab tiaj tus, lub peev xwm parasitic (CPS) ntawm sab thawj thiab sab thib ob feem ntau loj dua li ntawm cov transformers ib txwm muaj, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau EMI thiab cov yam ntxwv siab.
2. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tig tsawg: Tus naj npawb ntawm cov txheej PCB thiab cov txheej txheem txwv tag nrho cov tig uas tuaj yeem ua tiav, uas feem ntau yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov xwm txheej nrog cov tig me me (xws li ib nrab choj topology).
3. Kev siv qhov rai tsawg: Lub PCB substrate (epoxy resin) nyob hauv ib feem loj ntawm qhov chaw hauv lub qhov rai magnetic core, thiab cov coefficient ntawm tooj liab yog qis dua (kwv yees li 30%).
4. Lo lus nug: Lub planar transformer feem ntau ua haujlwm hauv qhov ntau zaus twg?
Lus Teb: Cov transformers tiaj tiaj yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov chaw ua haujlwm siab, feem ntau ua haujlwm ntawm cov zaus txij li kaum tawm kHz mus rau ntau MHz. Vim nws cov conductor tiaj tiaj, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nws muaj qhov zoo dua ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov zaus siab.
Cov Hlau Sib Nqus thiab Kev Xaiv Khoom Siv
5. Lo lus nug: Cov duab magnetic core uas feem ntau siv rau planar transformers yog dab tsi? Yuav xaiv li cas?
Lus Teb: Cov cores sib nqus feem ntau suav nrog E-hom, RM hom, thiab ER/ETD hom.
· Hom E (xws li EI, EE): Tus nqi qis, cua sov zoo, thaj chaw qhov rai loj, tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov tam sim no siab, tab sis kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv tsis zoo.
· Hom RM (tuaj yeem ntaus): Lub kem nruab nrab tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm tig winding luv dua (txo qhov poob tooj liab), muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo tiv thaiv tus kheej, me me inductance xau, tab sis lub qhov rais me me.
·Hom ER/ETD: Nruab nrab ntawm ob qho no, nws muab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm E-hom qhov rai loj thiab RM hom voj voog nruab nrab ua ke.
6. Lo lus nug: Cov khoom siv dab tsi feem ntau siv rau lub plawv sib nqus ntawm lub planar transformer?
Lus Teb: Yuav luag txhua tus ntawm lawv siv cov khoom siv hlau nplaum ferrite uas muaj zog ntau zaus, xws li Philips '3F3, 3F4 lossis TDK's PC40 / PC95. Cov ntaub ntawv no muaj qhov poob qis ntawm cov hlau nplaum (hysteresis thiab eddy current losses) ntawm cov zaus siab.
7. Lo lus nug: Tus coefficient ntawm kev siv qhov rai ntawm lub magnetic core yog dab tsi? Vim li cas lub tiaj tiaj transformer qis dua?
Lus Teb: Tus coefficient siv qhov rai yog hais txog qhov sib piv ntawm cov tooj liab uas tau nyob hauv thaj chaw qhov rai ntawm lub hlau nplaum. Cov transformers ib txwm muaj li ntawm 0.4, thaum cov transformers tiaj tus feem ntau tsuas yog 0.25 ~ 0.3. Qhov no yog vim tias ntxiv rau cov ntawv ci tooj liab, kuj tseem muaj ntau cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev epoxy resin (PP thiab Core) uas nyob hauv qhov chaw qhov rai hauv PCB board.
Kev Tsim Qauv thiab Kev Teeb tsa Winding
8. Lo lus nug: Yuav ua li cas cov windings ntawm lub planar transformer txuas nrog ua ke lossis sib luag ntawm PCB?
Lus Teb: Kev sib txuas ntawm cov txheej txheem yog ua tiav los ntawm kev hla dhau qhov (vias), qhov faus, lossis qhov dig muag ntawm PCB.
· Kev sib txuas ua ke: Siv vias los txuas cov kauv sib txuas ntawm cov txheej sib txawv txij thaum pib mus txog thaum kawg kom nce tus naj npawb ntawm kev tig.
· Kev sib txuas ua ke: Txuas ntau txheej ntawm cov kauj sib txuas ua ke kom nce lub peev xwm nqa tam sim no, feem ntau siv rau hauv cov kauj thib ob rau qhov hluav taws xob qis thiab cov zis hluav taws xob siab.
Lo lus nug: Cov thev naus laus zis "interleaving" lossis "insertion" yog dab tsi? Vim li cas peb thiaj yuav tsum ua qhov no?
Lus Teb: Kev sib txuas lus txhais tau tias muab cov thawj winding (P) thiab cov thib ob winding (S) hloov pauv hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, xws li siv PSPS lossis SPS qauv. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua li ntawd yog: 1 Txo qhov xau inductance: Txhim kho thawj thiab thib ob magnetic coupling.
2. Txo qhov tsis kam ntawm AC: ua kom cov tam sim no muaj zog ntau dua hauv tus neeg xyuas pib thiab txo qhov poob los ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ze.
10. Lo lus nug: Cov teebmeem ntawm cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov winding (xws li P / S sib cais vs interleaving) ntawm leakage inductance thiab parasitic capacitance yog dab tsi?
Lus Teb: Qhov no yog kev sib raug zoo ib txwm muaj.
· Kev teeb tsa sib cais: qhov inductance xau loj, tab sis qhov capacitance parasitic me me ntawm cov txheej txheem.
· Cov sandwich yooj yim (xws li PSP): qhov xau inductance raug txo qis heev, tab sis cov kab mob parasitic capacitance nce ntxiv.
· Kev sib tshuam tob (xws li PSPS): Kev xau inductance tuaj yeem txo qis, tab sis parasitic capacitance raug siab tshaj plaws. Cov neeg tsim qauv yuav tsum ua kev pauv pauv raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm lub voj voog, xws li LLC siv kev xau inductance thiab kev hloov pauv nyuaj tswj capacitance.
11. Lo lus nug: Yuav tsum sau dab tsi hauv PCB winding tsim rau high voltage lossis high tam sim no daim ntawv thov?
Lus Teb: Tam sim no siab: Cov ntawv ci tooj liab tuab (xws li 2oz-4oz), kev sib txuas ntau txheej sib luag, thiab kev siv ntau lub voj voog sib luag yog qhov yuav tsum tau nqa tam sim no, thiab kev siv cua sov sab nraud.
· Qhov hluav taws xob siab: Yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj qhov nrug deb txaus (qhov deb ntawm qhov nkag thiab qhov chaw hluav taws xob). Piv txwv li, IEC60950 xav kom qhov tuab ntawm qhov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov npoo thawj thiab ntug thib ob feem ntau yuav tsum siab tshaj 400 μ m.
Cov Txheej Txheem Kab Mob thiab Cov Yam Ntxim Saib Xyuas Zaus Siab
Lus Nug: Vim li cas qhov leakage inductance ntawm planar transformers thiaj tseem ceeb? Yuav ua li cas tswj tau?
Lus Teb: Qhov xau inductance tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov hluav taws xob nce siab thaum lub qhov hloov raug kaw thiab txwv qhov zaus txiav tawm siab. Hauv cov resonant topology xws li LLC, qhov xau inductance tuaj yeem siv ua ib feem ntawm qhov resonant inductance. Cov txheej txheem rau kev tswj qhov xau inductance suav nrog: siv cov staggered windings, txo qhov tuab ntawm cov txheej rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov windings, thiab sib dhos cov thawj thiab cov windings theem nrab kom tiav.
13. Lo lus nug: Yuav ua li cas los txhim kho qhov loj ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov planar transformers kom txo tau EMI?
Lus Teb: Cov txheej txheem los txo qhov muaj peev xwm faib tawm suav nrog kev nce qhov tuab ntawm cov txheej rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov xov hlau thawj zaug thiab theem ob (tab sis nce qhov xau inductance), ntxig ib txheej tiv thaiv av ntawm cov theem thawj zaug, thiab ua kom zoo dua qhov kev teeb tsa winding kom txo qhov chaw sib tshooj ntawm cov txheej.
14. Lo lus nug: Cov teebmeem ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qhov teebmeem ze yog dab tsi? Yuav ua li cas nrog cov transformers tiaj tus?
Lus Teb: Ntawm cov zaus siab, cov tam sim no feem ntau ntws mus rau saum npoo ntawm tus neeg coj (cov nyhuv ntawm daim tawv nqaij), thiab lub zog sib nqus ntawm cov neeg coj uas nyob ib sab yuav faib cov tam sim no tsis sib npaug (cov nyhuv sib xws), ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv AC tsis kam. Cov transformers tiaj tus siv cov ntawv ci tooj liab tiaj tus thiab nyias ua cov neeg coj, nrog rau qhov tuab feem ntau tsim los kom tsawg dua qhov tob ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm qhov zaus ntawd, ua kom txo tau cov kev poob siab no.
Kev Tsim Kho thiab Tshuab Thermal
15. Lo lus nug: Qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm cua sov rau planar transformers yog dab tsi? Yuav ua li cas kom dissipate cua sov?
Lus Teb: Kub feem ntau los ntawm kev poob ntawm lub hauv paus sib nqus (hysteresis poob) thiab kev poob ntawm winding (kev poob ntawm tooj liab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev poob los ntawm AC resistors). Qhov zoo ntawm kev tso cua sov yog tias cov qauv tiaj tus muaj thaj chaw loj, thiab cua sov tuaj yeem tso ncaj qha los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus sib nqus thiab cov ntawv ci tooj liab sab nraud ntawm PCB; Feem ntau, cov transformers tuaj yeem txuas rau cov khoom siv txhuas lossis cov dab dej kub, thiab cov nplaum thermal conductive tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho kev tso cua sov.
16. Lo lus nug: Qhov tuab ntawm tooj liab thiab qhov dav ntawm PCB cuam tshuam li cas rau kev tsim qauv? Lub peev xwm nqa tam sim no pom zoo yog dab tsi?
Lus Teb: Qhov tuab ntawm tooj liab txiav txim siab qhov muaj peev xwm nqa tam sim no ib chav dav. Qhov tuab tooj liab feem ntau yog 1oz (kwv yees li 35 μ m) thiab 2oz (kwv yees li 70 μ m). Qhov ceev tam sim no feem ntau yog xaiv ntawm 20 ~ 50A / mm ². Qhov dav ntawm kab yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li tus nqi tam sim no zoo, qhov kub thiab txias uas tso cai, thiab muaj peev xwm tsim PCB (xws li qhov dav tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm kab / qhov sib nrug ntawm kab).
17. Lo lus nug: Vim li cas PCB stack tsim thiaj li hais txog qhov sib npaug?
Lus Teb: Cov qauv laminated symmetrical (nrog cov tuab sib npaug thiab kev faib tooj liab) tuaj yeem sib npaug cov kev ntxhov siab thermal thiab mechanical ntawm PCB thaum lub sijhawm lamination, zoo tiv thaiv PCB board los ntawm warping (bending deformation) tom qab ua tiav, xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom sib dhos ntawm cov transformers thiab qhov sib xws ntawm cov hlau nplaum.
18. Lo lus nug: Lub plawv hlau nplaum raug kho li cas? Vim li cas peb thiaj tsis tuaj yeem lo nws rau ntawm qhov chaw sib txuas nrog kua nplaum?
Lus Teb: Kev kho lub hauv paus hlau nplaum feem ntau siv cov clips (nrog cov qhov sib nqus cores) lossis cov nplaum epoxy resin. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb: Cov nplaum yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau ntawm qhov chaw sib txuas (ncej nruab nrab) ntawm lub hauv paus hlau nplaum, txwv tsis pub nws yuav tsim cov cua tsis tsim nyog, ua rau kev txo qis ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm hlau nplaum thiab inductance. Cov nplaum yuav tsum tau siv nyob ib puag ncig ntug sab nraud ntawm lub hauv paus hlau nplaum.
Lus Teb: 1 Kev txiav txim siab txog qhov sib piv ntawm qhov tig, inductance, lub zog, thiab zaus raws li topology.
2. Kev xaiv cov hlau nplaum: Siv txoj kev AP (txoj kev khoom cheeb tsam) los kwv yees qhov loj ntawm cov hlau nplaum thiab xaiv cov khoom siv thiab cov duab ntawm cov hlau nplaum uas tsim nyog.
3. Kev suav cov tig: Xam tus naj npawb ntawm cov tig ntawm sab thawj thiab sab thib ob kom tiv thaiv kev sib nqus sib nqus
4. Kev teeb tsa winding: Npaj cov windings hauv PCB software los txiav txim siab qhov qauv stacked (seb staggered, yuav ua li cas parallel / series).
5. Kev suav txog kev poob thiab qhov kub nce: Kwv yees qhov poob ntawm tooj liab thiab hlau kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kub nce nyob hauv qhov ntau uas tso cai.
6. Kev rho tawm cov parasitic parameter: Soj ntsuam seb qhov leakage inductance thiab distributed capacitance puas ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kev sim lossis kev xam.
7. Daim duab kos PCB
20. Lo lus nug: Qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tsim qauv ntawm kev siv planar transformers hauv cov hloov pauv pem hauv ntej thiab flyback yog dab tsi?
Lus teb:
Forward/Choj Converter: Cov transformers feem ntau ua haujlwm los xa lub zog thiab cais tawm. Lub hom phiaj tsim yog txo qhov xau inductance (zam kev nce siab) thiab txo qhov poob. Qhov inductance xau qis ntawm planar transformers yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm no.
Flyback converter: Lub "transformer" ntawm no yog qhov tseeb inductor txuas uas yuav tsum khaws lub zog. Yog li ntawd, lub hauv paus hlau nplaum yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua kom tiv thaiv kev saturation. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim qauv yog los tswj qhov loj ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua kom tau txais qhov rhiab heev, thaum daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev poob ntau ntxiv hauv thaj chaw ze ntawm qhov qhib qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Peb Hlis-16-2026
