Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm lub transformer yog dab tsi?

Muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau ntau hom transformers, uas tuaj yeem qhia los ntawm cov kev cai tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, cov kev cai tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog transformer suav nrog: lub zog ntsuas, qhov ntsuas voltage thiab qhov sib piv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob, qhov zaus ntsuas, qib kub ua haujlwm, qhov kub nce, qhov nrawm ntawm kev tswj hluav taws xob, kev ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev tiv thaiv dej noo. Rau cov transformers zaus qis dav dav, cov kev cai tseem ceeb yog: qhov sib piv ntawm kev hloov pauv, cov yam ntxwv ntawm zaus, kev cuam tshuam tsis sib xws, kev tiv thaiv magnetic thiab electrostatic, kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab lwm yam.

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm transformer suav nrog qhov sib piv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob, cov yam ntxwv zaus, lub zog ntsuas thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo.

（1)Kev faib tawm ntawm qhov hluav taws xob

Qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov piv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob n ntawm lub transformer thiab qhov tig thiab qhov hluav taws xob ntawm cov windings thawj thiab theem nrab yog raws li nram no: n = V1 / V2 = N1 / N2 qhov twg N1 yog qhov hluav taws xob thawj (thawj) ntawm lub transformer, N2 yog qhov hluav taws xob theem nrab (theem nrab), V1 yog qhov hluav taws xob ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm qhov hluav taws xob thawj, thiab V2 yog qhov hluav taws xob ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm qhov hluav taws xob theem nrab. Qhov hluav taws xob piv n ntawm lub transformer kauj ruam yog tsawg dua 1, qhov hluav taws xob piv n ntawm lub transformer kauj ruam yog ntau dua 1, thiab qhov hluav taws xob piv ntawm lub transformer cais yog sib npaug rau 1.

（2)Lub zog ntsuas P Qhov parameter no feem ntau yog siv rau cov transformers fais fab. Nws yog hais txog lub zog tso zis thaum lub transformer fais fab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau ntev yam tsis pub dhau qhov kub thiab txias teev tseg raws li qhov zaus ua haujlwm thiab voltage teev tseg. Lub zog ntsuas ntawm transformer yog cuam tshuam nrog thaj tsam ntawm cov hlau tub ntxhais, txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov hlau enamelled, thiab lwm yam. Lub transformer muaj thaj tsam loj ntawm cov hlau tub ntxhais, txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov hlau enamelled tuab thiab lub zog tso zis loj.

（3)Cov yam ntxwv ntawm zaus Cov yam ntxwv ntawm zaus txhais tau hais tias lub transformer muaj qee qhov zaus ua haujlwm, thiab cov transformers nrog ntau qhov zaus ua haujlwm sib txawv tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv. Thaum lub transformer ua haujlwm dhau nws qhov zaus, qhov kub yuav nce lossis lub transformer yuav tsis ua haujlwm li qub.

（4)Kev ua haujlwm zoo yog hais txog qhov sib piv ntawm lub zog tso zis thiab lub zog nkag ntawm transformer ntawm qhov ntsuas load. Tus nqi no yog proportional rau lub zog tso zis ntawm transformer, uas yog, lub zog tso zis ntau dua ntawm transformer, qhov ua haujlwm zoo dua; Lub zog tso zis me dua ntawm transformer, qhov ua haujlwm qis dua. Tus nqi ua haujlwm zoo ntawm transformer feem ntau yog ntawm 60% thiab 100%.

Ntawm lub zog ntsuas, qhov sib piv ntawm lub zog tso zis thiab lub zog nkag ntawm transformer hu ua transformer efficiency, uas yog

η= x100%

Qhov twgη Yog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub transformer; P1 yog lub zog nkag thiab P2 yog lub zog tso zis.

Thaum lub zog tso zis P2 ntawm lub transformer sib npaug rau lub zog nkag P1, qhov ua haujlwm zooη Sib npaug li 100%, lub transformer yuav tsis tsim kev poob. Tab sis qhov tseeb, tsis muaj lub transformer zoo li no. Thaum lub transformer xa hluav taws xob, nws ib txwm tsim kev poob, uas feem ntau suav nrog kev poob tooj liab thiab kev poob hlau.

Kev poob tooj liab yog hais txog kev poob los ntawm lub kauj tsis kam ntawm lub transformer. Thaum lub zog hluav taws xob raug cua sov los ntawm lub kauj tsis kam, ib feem ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob yuav raug hloov mus ua lub zog cua sov thiab poob. Vim tias lub kauj feem ntau raug qhwv los ntawm cov hlau tooj liab uas muaj rwb thaiv tsev, nws hu ua kev poob tooj liab.

Qhov poob hlau ntawm transformer muaj ob yam. Ib qho yog hysteresis poob. Thaum AC tam sim no hla lub transformer, qhov kev taw qhia thiab qhov loj ntawm cov kab sib nqus ntawm lub zog hla lub silicon steel sheet ntawm lub transformer yuav hloov pauv raws li, ua rau cov molecules hauv silicon steel sheet txhuam rau ib leeg thiab tso tawm lub zog cua sov, yog li poob ib feem ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, uas hu ua hysteresis poob. Qhov thib ob yog eddy tam sim no poob, thaum lub transformer ua haujlwm. Muaj ib txoj kab sib nqus ntawm lub zog hla lub hlau core, thiab cov tam sim no induced yuav raug tsim ntawm lub dav hlau perpendicular rau cov kab sib nqus ntawm lub zog. Txij li thaum tam sim no tsim ib lub voj voog kaw thiab ncig hauv lub voj voog whirlpool, nws hu ua eddy tam sim no. Qhov muaj eddy tam sim no ua rau cov hlau core kub thiab siv zog, uas hu ua eddy tam sim no poob.

Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub transformer muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog lub zog ntawm lub transformer. Feem ntau, lub zog loj dua, qhov poob thiab lub zog tso zis me dua, thiab qhov ua tau zoo dua. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, lub zog me dua, qhov ua tau zoo qis dua.